FTCE Professional Education Practice Exam

What concept is B.F. Skinner most known for?

1. Classical conditioning

2. Observational learning

3. Operant conditioning

4. Cognitive development

The correct answer is: Operant conditioning

B.F. Skinner is most known for the concept of operant conditioning, which is a fundamental theory in behavioral psychology. Operant conditioning is based on the idea that behaviors are influenced by the consequences that follow them. This means that behaviors that are reinforced (either through rewards or positive feedback) are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors that are punished or not reinforced tend to diminish over time. Skinner conducted numerous experiments using his invention called the Skinner box, where he observed how animals might press levers to receive food as a reward. This experimentation led him to demonstrate that reinforcing desired behaviors can lead to learning and behavior modification. Skinner's work provided a strong foundational understanding of how behavior can be shaped through reinforcement and consequences, which has significant implications in education, psychology, and behavior management. In the context of the other concepts: classical conditioning is primarily associated with Ivan Pavlov; observational learning is linked to Albert Bandura; and cognitive development is a theory put forth by Jean Piaget. Each of these theorists contributed unique perspectives to the study of learning and behavior, but Skinner's legacy is firmly rooted in operant conditioning principles.