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What is the focus of criterion-referenced assessment?

  1. Comparing students against one another

  2. Each student is measured against uniform objectives or criteria

  3. Ranking students within a cohort

  4. Subjective teacher evaluations

The correct answer is: Each student is measured against uniform objectives or criteria

Criterion-referenced assessment focuses on evaluating each student's performance based on specific grading criteria or learning objectives, rather than comparing students to one another. This type of assessment aims to determine whether a student has met a predetermined level of mastery or competency in the subject being examined. By establishing clear learning goals, educators can assess how well each student has achieved those goals, providing a more individualized and fair assessment of knowledge and skills. This method of assessment is particularly beneficial as it highlights a student's strengths and areas for improvement without the influence of peers' performances. It fosters an environment of learning where assessments are tied directly to individual learning criteria, ensuring that the educational goals are aligned with the assessment process.