FTCE Professional Education Practice Exam

What may be the reason for an ELL student struggling academically in reading and science despite speaking fluent English?

1. Inconsistent attendance

2. Lack of interest

3. Not having mastered cognitive academic language proficiency

4. Cultural differences

The correct answer is: Not having mastered cognitive academic language proficiency

The reason for an ELL (English Language Learner) student struggling academically in reading and science despite being fluent in conversational English lies in the concept of cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP). While the student may communicate effectively in everyday situations, CALP involves a deeper level of language proficiency that is essential for understanding complex academic content and concepts. CALP typically includes the ability to comprehend and produce language that is used in academic settings, which often requires a greater understanding of vocabulary, grammar, and linguistic structures that are specific to academic discourse. This proficiency develops over time and is influenced by the student's exposure to academic language both inside and outside the classroom. As ELL students may lack the same level of exposure to the academic language and rigors of subjects like reading and science, they may struggle with tasks that require higher-order thinking skills and specialized terminology even if they are fluent in conversational English. By focusing on CALP, educators can provide targeted support to ELL students, helping them to develop the necessary language skills to succeed in their academic endeavors. This nuanced understanding differentiates the student’s conversational fluency from the academic language they need to thrive in school subjects.